ABSTRACT
Background and purpose:In recent years, the studies indicated that postoperatively induced myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) were qualified with potent proangiogenic and tumor-promotive ability. Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) significantly inhibited the induction and proliferation of MDSCs. However, the relationship of MDSCs and tumor metastasis during perioperative period, and whether BMSCs could prevent tumor metastasis through inhibiting MDSCs are not clariifed. This study aimed to investigate the change of MDSCs during perioperative period and its correlation with tumor metastasis after surgery, and the inlfuence of BMSCs on the induction of MDSCs and the development of postoperative tumor metastasis.Methods:LLC cells were injected intravenously into C57BL/6 mice. Two hours later, these mice were divided into 4 groups: controls (C group); mice given anesthesia (A group); mice given anesthesia and laparotomy (AL group) and mice given anesthesia, laparotomy, and hepatic lobectomy (ALH group). The AL mice were divided into 2 groups after surgical operation: the AL mice without treatment (ALL group) and the AL mice treated with syngeneic BMSCs (ALB group). The percentage of Gr-1+CD11b+ cells in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) was detected by flow cytometry. The numbers of metastases on the lung surface were counted on the 14th day after LLC infusion. BMSCs were also co-culturedin vitro with myeloid cells in order to illustrate the effects of BMSCs on the generation of MDSCs.Results:The numbers of lung metastases in AL and ALH group signiifcantly increased as compared with C and A group (P<0.01). The number of lung metastases in ALH group signiifcantly increased as compared with AL group (P<0.05). The percentage of Gr-1+CD11b+ cells in PBMCs during postoperative period signiifcantly increased in AL and ALH group as compared with C and A group, and the percentage of Gr-1+CD11b+ cells in ALH group also signiifcantly increased as compared with AL group. The numbers of lung metastases in AL and ALB group were (38.00±9.57) and (6.54±1.49), the difference was statistically signiifcant (P<0.01) on day 14 after LLC infusion. Meanwhile, the percentage of Gr-1+CD11b+ cells in ALB group signiifcantly decreased as compared with AL1 group. This study also demonstrated that BMSCs inhibited the induction and proliferation of MDSCs from myeloid cells in vitro.Conclusion:Surgery stress induces MDSCs and promotes tumor metastasis. Syngeneic BMSCs could inhibit the generation of MDSCs and further suppress tumor metastasis after surgery.
ABSTRACT
Objective To establish a method of cultivation of dendritic cells (DC) from mouse bone marrow in vitro and identify their phenotype and function. Methods Under aseptic condition, bone marrow cells were extracted from the tibia and femur bones of BALB/c mice. Bone marrow cells were cultured with recombinant mouse granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor ( rmGM-CSF) in vitro. The expansion and morphological changes of DC were observed with light inverted microscope. Phenotype was identified with flow cytometry and biological function was studied with antigen phagocytosis test. Results A large number of immature and mature DC with typical dendritic morphological characteristics could be generated from murine bone marrow. Immature DC, which had high expression in CD11c and low expression in CD40, MHC-II and CD86, could phagocytize antigen. Mature DC, which could be induced from immature DC by lipopolysaccharides, had high expression in CD11c, CD40, CD86 and MHC-II molecules. Conclusion Immature and mature DC can be generated from mouse bone marrow cells through cytokine induction in vitro and be used for further study associated with DC.
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Bats are important reservoir animals and more than 60 viruses have been identified in bats with many of them highly pathogenic to human. In order to understand the natural background, genetic diversity of bat viruses in China and discover potential viral pathogens, Solexa sequencing based viral metagenomics focusing on bats tissues was established and to analyze the virome of bats collected from Jilin, Yunnan and Hunan province. By Solexa sequencing, 116 442 324 useful reads were obtained and assembled into 4 872 contigs, of which 8.2% (4 002/4 4872) were annotated to 36 viral families, including 19 vertebrate virus families, 6 plant virus families, 4 insect virus families and 4 phages. Further contigs analyses showed that some adenovirus, bocavirus, picobirnavirus, parvovirus contigs sequences were similar with known viruses. However, part of them shared limited identities to these viruses implying the discovery of new viruses. Moreover, PCR validation of adenovirus and bocavirus confirmed the results obtained by viral metagenomics. This study aimed to understand bat virome in China by viral metagenomics and could be helpful to establish effective surveillance on wildlife-associate zoonoses.
Subject(s)
Animals , Adenoviridae , Genetics , Bunyaviridae , Genetics , China , Chiroptera , Virology , Genome, Viral , Genetics , Metagenome , Genetics , Metagenomics , Methods , Picornaviridae , GeneticsABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the existence of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) foci in high mountains and forest areas.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A survey was conducted in the areas of 1 400 meter altitude in Dabie mountain and of 1,600 meter altitude in Wannan mountain in the mid 1990's using methods related to epidemiology, geographic-epidemiology, serum epidemiology, pathogenic and molecular epidemiology.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Two strains of HFRS viruses were isolated from pulmonary tissues of Rattus niviventer and both of them were identified as A types. The analysis of the nuclei sequence showed that there were significant differences between both sub types and HTN 76-118.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>It was confirmed that there were HFRS foci in the areas with 2 strains possible new sub-types of HFRS.</p>